第5章 代詞（二）

一、指示代詞

指示代詞有：this; that; these; those

this, these 表示“這”、“這些”，是“近指”。

that, those表示“那”、“那些”，是“遠指”。

注意：在電話用語裡面，用this代替自已，that代替對方。如：

who’s that? This is Tom speaking

二、不定代詞

英語中有以下不定代詞：all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little(a little), few(a few), many, much, other, another, some, any, no還有由some, any , no every構成的代詞。

1）both, all

both 是指“兩者都”，而all則是指“三者或三者以上都”，如：

Both of us are right.

All of you are good at playing basketball.

但all 還可以組成固定短語 all day, all this, all the time等

2) either, neither

either 是指“兩者之中任何一個……“屬於部分否定，而neither則是“兩者之中一個也不……“屬全部否定

Either of the books will do.

Neither of the answers is right.

而either還可出現在否定句子裡，可與neither進行句型轉換。如：

Tom hasn’t been to America, Jim hasn’t, either

= Neither Tom nor Jim has been to America.

而neither (nor) 也可用於表示“也不……”，構成“neither (nor) +助動詞+主語”的句式。

Kate isn’t a worker, neither is Meimei.

3) little, a little, few, a few

little, a little修飾不可數名詞； few , a few修飾可數名詞；

little, few表示否定，“幾乎沒有”

a little, a few表示肯定，相當於some, any.

There is a little milk in the glass.

There are few students in the classroom, they’re in the reading-room.

4) every, each

every, each都是強調每一個，every 作定語修飾名詞。如：

The bus comes every five minutes.

Each of them may come at a different time.

5) some , any

6) 由some, any, no, every組成的不定代詞

something, someone, somebody, somewhere, anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere, nothing, none, nobody, nowhere, everything,everyone, everybody, everywhere.

三、疑問代詞

疑問代詞用來構成疑問句，一共有五個：

who, whom, whose, what, which.